Recently, paper-based microfluidic chips have received much attention. These chips are categorized as a new class of point-of-care diagnostic devices that are cheap, easy-to-use, and designed on demand in developing countries. In this paper, we review the fabrication methods, the operation procedures, and the detection methods of paper-based microfluidic chips. Moreover, we describe the present situation and future possibility of paper-based microfluidic chips.