Agricultural and Biological Chemistry

Glyceride Structure and Biosynthesis of Natural Fats

Part III. Biosynthetic Process of Tryglycerides in Maturing Soybean Seed

Osamu HIRAYAMA, Koichi HUJII

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.1

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Changes in the contents and compositions of lipid classes and water-soluble components were examined in maturing soybean seed. At the first stage of seed development, trigly-ceride formation was very slow, and considerably large quantity of free fatty acids, phosphatidic acid, monoglyceride, and diglyceride were accumulated. At the second stage triglycerides were produced rapidly and the other components decreased. Glycerophosphate also appeared in the maturing seed. These results suggest that Kennedy's pathway to triglycerides and other side pathway occur in seed. Positional distribution of fatty acids in mono-, di-, and triglycerides was also determined, and synthetic process of glyceride structure was discussed.

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Purification of the 11 S Component of Soybean Proteins

Hisateru MITSUDA, Takanori KUSANO

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 7-12
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.7

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The water-extractable protein and the cold-insoluble fraction prepared from defatted soybean meals were fractionated by the method of gel filtration with Sephadex G-200, resulting in higher purification of the 11S protein and in isolation of the 2S and 7S proteins. Attempts to remove the 7S or 15S contaminant from the 11S protein fraction were successful through the chromatography of calcium phosphate gel. N-terminal analysis of the purified 11S protein allowed deduction that there are three kinds of N-terminal amino acids in it; glycine, phenylalanine, and leucine or isoleucine.

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Free Amino Acids and Phosphorylethanolamine in Milk Whey of Cow

Koichi SHIMBAYASHI, Yu IDE, Toshio YONEMURA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 13-19
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.13

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Free amino acids in the milk of cow were investigated in comparison with those in the plasma. The concentrations of most free amino acids in the milk except for a few amino acid were lower than those in the plasma. It appears that the percentage of each amino acid in the milk against the corresponding amino acid in the plasma is the reflexion of casein synthesis in the mammary gland. Nutritional alteration influenced on the level of some amino acids in the milk. Free phosphorylserine, glycerylphosphorylethanolamine, and phosphorylethanolamine were observed in the milk. Phosphorylethanolamine was present in significantly high concentration in one animal as control, whereas was almost absent in another animal as experimental.

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Studies on the Metabolism of Gallic Acid by Microorganisms

Part III. On the Intermediary Metabolism of Gallic Acid by Aspergillus niger

Akira WATANABE

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 20-26
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.20

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The intermediary metabolism of gallic acid by Aspergillus niger under the influence of some added inhibitors has been studied. The decomposition of gallic acid by lyophilized cells under fluoroacetate inhibition allowed cis-aconitic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid and citric acid to accumulate. A mechanism of gallic acid decomposition via cis-aconitic acid has been inferred.

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Studies on the Mechanism of Aging of Distilled Liquors

Part II. Distribution of Phenolic Compounds in Aged Distilled Liquors

Ken-ichi OTSUKA, Shiro IMAI, Kazuo MORINAGA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 27-31
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.27

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The amount of phenolic compounds in various types of whiskies and brandies was determined. The range of phenolic amount varies with different types of distilled liquors. Particularly, American whiskies and cognac brandies were rich in phenolic matters.
Aged distilled liquors gave on silica gel the chromatograms of similar pattern to that of extract (HCl-treated) from wooden chips. The fractions obtained from column chromato-graphy were chromatographed using filter paper and several spots were detected. Among them, syringic, vanillic, gallic and ellagic acids were identified.

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Studies on Protein in Abnormal Milk

Part IV Polarographic Protein Wave in Normal and Abnormal Milk

Takeo NAKANISHI, Takatoshi ITOH

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 32-37
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.32

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Normal milk and various abnormal milks, i.e., mastitic milk, Alcohol test positive milk, drying off-secretions and colostrum were investigated by polarography, based upon the so-called Brdicka's filtrate reaction. Mastitic milk including subclinical mastitic milk, drying-off secretions and colostrum gave the higher protein double wave than that of normal milk. However, any relation was not observed between alcohol sensitivity and wave height. Polarographic filtrate reaction is not specific for mastitic milk but for lactation stage or healthy conditions of cow.

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Studies on Phyto-peroxidase

Part XVII. Terminal Amino Acid Residues in Japanese-radish Peroxidase a

Katsuzo SHIMIZU, Toshiko KORENAGA, Yuhei MORITA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 38-42
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.38

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The terminal amino acid residues of crystalline Japanese-radish peroxidase a were in-vestigated. No N-terminal amino acid was found in this enzyme by the fluorodinitrobenzene and the phenylisothiocyanate methods, while the C-terminus of this enzyme was occupied by serine, which was found by the carboxypeptidase digestion and the hydrazinolysis methods. These results suggest that this enzyme has only a single peptide chain and its N-terminal group must be blocked.

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Preparation of Organotin-Phosphorus Compounds and their Biological Activities

Hiroshi KUBO

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 43-55
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.43

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Phosphorodithioate, phosphate, phosphinate, and phosphorodiamidate of triphenyl- or trialkyl-tin were prepared. The agricultural utility of the organotin-phosphorus com-pounds were evaluated with respect to their chemotherapeutic potency against fungi, their toxic activity against insects, and their phytotoxic properties on a wide range of the plant.

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Gas-Liquid Chromatography of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Jun KANAZAWA, Rokuro SATO

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 56-60
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.56

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A method for separation and identification of mixtures of organophosphorus pesticides by gas-liquid chromatography with the thermal conductivity detector is described. By the combination of 6 operating conditions with three columns containing high vacuum silicone grease, silicone compound DC-11 and fluorosilicone FS-1265, mixtures of up to 19 organo-phosphorus pesticides can be mutually separated. This technique should be very useful for quality control of pesticide formulation, residue analysis and legal medicine.

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Protective Effect of Arginine and its Related Compounds on Bacterial Cells during Freeze-Drying

Toshiki MORICHI, Ryozaburo IRIE, Nobuhiro YANO, Hiroshi KEMBO

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 61-65
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.61

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Arginine and its related compounds, such as homoarginine and argininic acid, were found to be effective as suspending media for freeze-drying of bacteria. The relationship between the chemical structure of arginine and its protective activity was demonstrated. The effect of arginine was independent to its optical activity. Although arginine and glutamic acid exerted the protective action for Gram-positive organisms to the same level, the former was less effective for Gram-negatives than the latter.

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Protective Effect of DL-Threonine on Bacterial Cells during Freeeze-Drying and Ineffectiveness of its Optically Active Forms

Toshiki MORICHI, Ryozaburo IRIE, Nobuhiro YANO, Hiroshi KEMBO

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 66-69
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.66

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DL-Threonine and DL-allothreonine showed a protective effect on various bacterial cells in the process of freeze-drying whereas L- and D-forms of them did not, probably owing to the difference in the physicochemical characteristics between L- (or D-) form and DL-form of the compounds in question. There was no difference in the protective activity between the optically active and inactive forms in the cases of serine, proline, tartaric acid and pyrrolidonecaboxylic acid.

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Lipids of Leaves and Seeds

Part I. Chromatographic Separation of the Lipids in Chlorophyll Lipoprotein

Manjiro NODA, Ikuo KATSURA, Kunisuke TANAKA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 70-76
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.70

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The lipid components of the chlorophyll lipoproteins isolated from the leaves of Cayratia japonica, Vicia sativa, and Artemisia princeps were separated and identified by column, thin-layer, and paper chromatographies. The lipids were mainly composed of carotenoids, quinones including plastoquinone, sterols and their esters, di- and monoglycerides, free fatty acids, chlorophylls and their degradation products, glycolipids including plant sulfolipids, and phospholipids, in which the glycolipids were predominant. The fatty acid composi-tion was characteristic depending on each separated lipid component. Comparison of the lipid distributions was made between whole leaf and chlorophyll lipoprotein, and also between chlorophyll lipoproteins from young leaves and from full-grown leaves.

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On the Test Organism for the Assay Procedure of Blasticidin S

Hiroshi IIZUKA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 77
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.77

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Transformation of Nicotine to Nornicotine in Excised Tobacco Root Culture

Shigenobu MIZUSAKI, Takuro KISAKI, Einosuke TAMAKI

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 78-79
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.78

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The X-ray Diffraction Pattern of Spores of Bacillus subtilis

Hajime KADOTA, Koichi IIJIMA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 80-81
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.80

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Total Synthesis of (±)-Elliptone

Hiroshi FUKAMI, Genzo SAKATA, Minoru NAKAJIMA

1965 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 82
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008

DOIhttps://ntrd-jsjc-gov-cn-s-1416.res.gxlib.org.cn:443/rwt/1416/https/MSYXTLUQPJUB/10.1271/bbb1961.29.82

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